Explore your bank
Search for any bank by name, city, state or RSSD, then page through what its UBPR shows.
Story first: know the bank's story, then check whether the numbers reflect it.
Before judging performance, understand the shape of the bank. Size, balance sheet composition, loan mix, investment mix and deposit mix set both the opportunities and the risks that follow.
What to look for
- How large is the bank, and how much of the balance sheet is loans?
- Which loan type is largest? Which deposit type?
- Has the mix shifted over the quarters shown?
Ask why
- Is the loan mix a choice, or a product of the market the bank serves?
- How does the deposit mix shape funding cost and stability?
- Does the profile fit the bank's strategy, or is it a legacy of past decisions?
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Return measures how the bank turns its balance sheet into earnings: margin, fee income, overhead and provision. Look at which of these moved, and whether the move was one quarter or a trend.
What to look for
- Did ROA and ROE move together, or did leverage widen the spread between them?
- Over the quarters shown, which moved more, asset yield or cost of funds?
- Of margin, fee income, overhead and provision, which changed most?
Ask why
- If the margin changed, was it pricing, asset mix or funding cost?
- How much of fee income depends on one source, such as mortgage banking?
- Would these earnings hold up in a different rate environment?
Asset quality reflects the health of the loan portfolio. Non-performers show current stress; charge-offs show losses already taken. Watch whether the two move together.
What to look for
- Have non-performers risen or fallen over the past year?
- Have charge-offs followed, or is there a lag between the two?
- Is one quarter driving the picture, or is it a trend?
Ask why
- Which loan types hold the non-performers?
- Has the loan mix shifted in ways that could change future credit quality?
- Has provision kept pace with non-performers?
Liquidity comes from two places: assets you can turn into cash, and funding that stays put. Together they set how easily the bank can meet outflows and fund growth.
What to look for
- How has the liquid asset cushion moved, and how much of it is primary liquidity?
- Has borrowing grown relative to equity?
- How fully are deposits lent out, and how much of the funding is core deposits?
Ask why
- If deposits fell 5% next quarter, where would replacement funding come from?
- Is a thin cushion a choice to put assets to work, or a funding constraint?
- Are unrealized losses limiting which securities could be sold for cash?
Interest rate risk shows up in the timing of what assets earn and what funding costs. These pages show the margin with yield and cost behind it, the timing of the assets, and how far asset yields and deposit costs moved when market rates moved.
What to look for
- Are most assets short, medium or long in timing?
- Over the past year, how far did asset yield and cost of funds each move?
- Has the margin moved the way the asset timing would suggest?
Ask why
- If rates keep falling, how much room is left to lower deposit costs?
- Do non-maturity deposits behave like stable funding, or reprice quickly?
- Is the asset timing a deliberate margin strategy, or a byproduct of market conditions?
Capital absorbs unexpected losses, satisfies regulators and creates room to grow. Look at equity to assets alongside the leverage and risk-based measures (CBLR or Tier 1 leverage, CET1, total capital), and see whether they tell the same story.
What to look for
- How has equity to assets moved over the quarters shown?
- How far is each ratio above its requirement?
- Do the leverage and risk-based ratios tell the same story?
Ask why
- If loans grew 10% next year, what would happen to these ratios?
- How do earnings retention and dividends affect the ability to build capital?
- Could capital absorb credit losses and margin pressure at the same time?
Growth drives earnings and market share, but it consumes capital and liquidity and can strain credit. Watch whether loans and deposits grow together.
What to look for
- Are loans and deposits both growing, both shrinking, or moving apart?
- If one is outpacing the other (loan growth less deposit growth), for how long?
- Is growth steady, or concentrated in a few quarters?
Ask why
- If deposits aren't keeping up, how is loan growth being funded?
- Is deposit growth coming from core relationships or higher-rate promotions?
- Has growth put pressure on capital or liquidity?
The rate backdrop for every bank: Fed Funds, the Yield Curve and its spread, the 30-year Mortgage, Prime, and SOFR. Set the quarters to a stretch of the cycle, then compare a bank's yields and costs against it.
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